Internal-combustion engine.



H.- B. LAYMAN. !NTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED lUL'flfi, 1914.

Patented June 29, 1915 WITNESSES.

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INTERNAL-CQMBUSTIlON ENGINE.

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Application filed July 15, 1914.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, Hnnnon B. LAYMAN, citizen of the United States, and residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented Certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, such as Will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

his invention relates to explosion or internal combustion engines, and particularly the engines of this class of the sleeve valve type, and the object thereof is to improve the construction of, and the method of assembling the parts of engines of this class, so as to facilitate the finishing and assemcling of said parts and render the same morcpractical and economical and at the same time increase the efiiciency of such enpine and with this and otherobjects in view the invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

' his invention is'applicable to engines of the class specified, comprising any desired number of units or cylinders, and said invention 1s fullv disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying "WlllCll the sepadrawing forms a part, in

rate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which:

Figure l is a central vertical transverse section through one cylinder of an engine involving my invention; and, 3 similar views but showing In carrying my invention into effect, as shown in Fig. 1, each unit of the engine is composed of four separate parts, namely, the cylinder at audits inclosing jacket or casing a", the explosion head Z2 containing the explosion chamber 6 the manifold casing 0 containing the inlet a; -d exhaust manifolds 0 and c which areinclosed by an outer Figs. 2 and modifications.

four parts are formed separately.

i The cylinder a and its inclosing jacket or casing a are provided with a top horizontal flange a and the explosion head Z) is provided With a bottom horigontal flange 6 which rests on the flange'a and is secured thereto in any desired \manncrand above the flange 7J3 vided with another borizontal flange I)" on which the manifold casing c rests, and said d, and these a continuous the explosion head 5 isalso pro-' Specification of Letters Patent.

"Patented June 22?, 51593.5, Serial No: 851,026.

manifold casing c is provided with. a bottom flange c which corresponds With the flange (3* and rests thereon.

The body of the explosion head Z is cylindrical in form and the manifold casing c is also cylindrical in form, and these parts form an annular valve casing e in which is an annular valve chamber (2 in Which is a sleeve valve e Whichcontrols the inlet and exhaust ports or passages c and 0 of the inlet and exhaust manifolds c and 0 he explosion chamber Z) which com municates with the cylinder a is smaller in transverse dimensions than the main body part of said explosion head and the Walls Z) of said explosion chamber are flared at the bottom as shown at b, and said explosion chamber is placed in communication with the inlet and exhaust manifolds y radial passage-ways Z), and said ex plosion chamber or the Walls thereof are inclosed by a Water chamber or passage f having at the bottom a horizontal circular extension 7' and the cylinder 0; and its inclosing jacltet'or casing a form a main water chamber'or passage 9 which is placed in communication with the Water chamber or passage 7' byports or passages it While the Water chamber or passage 7 is placed in communication with the cap d by ports or passages 72?.

The inner Wall of the manifold casing c and its inclosing casing or jacket 0" form a Water chamber or passage 2' which incloses the manifolds-c and c and is placed in communication at the bottom thereof with the Water chamber or passage 7' by ports or passages 72 and with the cap (Z by ports or passages 71, and With' this construction, when the engine is in operation, the Water from the radiator enters the bottom of the chamber or passage 5 in the usual manner and flows upwardly through both the chambers or passages f and z into the cap (Z and from said cap it flows back to the radiator in the usual manner, and there is therefore iiow of water it rdly on both the inner andonter side i the valve chamber or its casing and arount the niani folds c and c.

Arranged centrally of the top of the explosion head b r,

ed passag j into Whiclnthe spark plug, in practice, 18 screwed, but

as said spark plus:

forms no part of this invention it is not shown.

This construction facilitates the forma- I tion of all-the parts which maybe cast septime more economical than is usual in, this class of engines, and the circulation, or

method of circulating the cooling water 1s most practical and efiective in retaining the parts which are apt to become overheated at the lowest possible degree of temperature.- The cap d is not an absolutely essential feature in this construction as other means may be provided for returning the cooling water after it passes through the explosion head and the manifold casing of the engine. In the construction shown in Fig. 2, the explosion chamber 6 is made larger transversely and there is no water chamber or passage between the explosion chamber, or the walls thereof, and the valve casing e or the chamber 6 in which the valve 6 operates is formed by the walls of the explosion chamber b and the main part of the manifold casing c. The manifold casing same,

cap d by ports or passages c, the manifolds o and c and the manifold jacket ,or casing 0 are substantially in the form of construction, as in Fig. 1, and the base flange b of the explosion head I) rests directly on the top or flange a of the cylinder a and its inclosing casing or jacket a, and the water chamber or passage 71 in the manifold casing o is placed in communication with the water chamber or passage 9 by ports or passages h, as in Fig. 1, and said water chamber or passage z' is placed in communication with the 71. as in Fig. 1. In this form of construction the chamber or recess j in the cap (Z and the top of the explosion head is made deeper than inFig. 1, or extends downwardly into the explosion head farther, and around the bottom portion of said chamber or recess 9' and within the explosion head is a water passage or chamber 70 which is in communication with the cap d by means of ports or passages h as ini Fig. With this construction the waterf circulates only around the cylinder or upwajrdl'y through the water chamber or passa e 9 and upwardly into and through the water chamber or passage 2 and around the manifolds c and c and into the cap at from which it passes into and out of the chamber or passage is, but there is no continuousflow of water inside and outside the valve chamber or its casing as in Fig. 1.

' In the construction shown in Fig. 3, the manifold casing c has no water jacket or casing and the manifolds c and c are exposed but there is a free circulation of water the upwardly through the chamber or passage 9, around the cylinder a, into and through the explosion head b and into the cap J, said explosion head being provided inwardly of the valve casing with a water chamber or passage f similar in all respects to the water chamber or passage f in Fig. 1. As with the construction shown in Fig. l the cap d in Figs. 2 and 3 is not absolutely essential as the water from the explosion head may be conveyed to the radiator by other means. From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the chief and essential characteristics are the cylinder 0 with its jacket or casing a, the explosion head I), and the manifold casing c constructed and combined as Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and ters Patent, is v 1. In an explosion engine, a cylinder hav- 1n a mam outerjacket or casing, an explo- S1011 head detachably mounted on said cylinder and casing, and a detachable manifold casing inclosing the explosion head and between which and said explosion head is a sleeve valve casin formed partly by said explosion head an partly by said manifold casing.

2. In an explosion engine, a. cylinder provided with a main outer casing or jacket, an explosion head 'detachably mounted on said cylinder and jacket and containing the explosion chamber, and a detachable manifold casing inclosing the explosion head and between which and said head is a sleeve valve casing provided with a sleeve valve which controls the inlet and exhaust ports or pasdesire to secure by Letsages leading to and from the explosionchamber, and sleeve valve casing being formed partly by the explosion, head an partly by the manifold casing, and said cylinder and its casing or jacket forming a water chamber or passage which communicates with a water chamber or passage in the explosion head and inclosing the explosion chamber and is rovided with an outlet through the top of said head.

3. In an explosion engine, a cylinder provided with a main outer casing or jacket, an explosion head mounted on said cylinder and jacket and containing the explosion chamber, and -a manifold casing inclosing the explosion head and between which and said head is a sleeve valve casin provided with a sleeve valve which contro s in the usual manner, or by any prethe inlet lifi 'xilllal combustion (engine, L1 @3 11 cior PrO'lfiflQd with on iziclosiiig jacltet for: a. ins-Em, Water oliomlioi' O1 passage o o liozul delzocliobly mounted oi cl coiitoiiziiig the explosion ml being provi'clocl "with o w Lay chamber or passage: the explosion chamber, and ziiiiioo'bion. with moiii i? or pom-age, and a manifold 21ml inclosing the ox- 10319? which owl soevo T'Zil'VQ casing, 21

v the inlet and exhaust POll S into soul soicl manifold 2111 outer i ajoifolcls "iililiwry ail-'61" oomie .Vll'lClE. in communication W aim? chamber or 1 i lfiOlLQL'EZa; in said casing oncl oon- Y on W mi'iiiioo, A cliomoer K cliomlior 5. E1 rm imiomol GOTilJHSfilOH ongiiio, a cyli'ocloi, 2m. oxploslon 1 id dotoclmbiy mount @(l thoreoi'i and in which is the explosion chomlaoi" and a detachable manifold raising moimtol on the explosion head and lowing ircdo oncl exhaust ziioniifolcls, said explosion. liezicl 21ml said manifold casing forming a sleevo valve easing in which is mounted a sleeve valve Wh 11 controls the inlet and ioiisi; ports 01 passages ootwoon the maniolcls and the alosiofo cham ooix N an ink email oombustioii engine, a cylinder, an explosion 112ml dei'zucliablf, mounted thereon and in which is the explosion chamber 2i detachable manifold casing mounted. on the explosion head and carrying inlet and. exhaust manifolds, and a detach oblo cop placed on said heorl and easing, sold explosion lieocl and said manifold casing forming a sleeve valve cos rig in which is mounted sleeve i live which controls the iaiist poi-iii passages between inlet oml o :li a sup .A common foregoing my name in 1163:2455 MAS 

